剛剛看門診時, 有位老師來衛生所想開預防高山症的藥物(正確一點的說法是預防AMS急性高山病). 聽說學校要辦爬山活動. 我稍微打了幾行字. 請老師給家長看.
關於高海拔疾病
兒童通常不建議使用藥物作為預防方式. 藥物可使用 Acetazolamide. 以到達海拔 2500 公尺的時間作為預設時間點. 在這個時間往回推24 小時開始服藥. 每天兩次. 當睡眠海拔開始下降即可停用藥物. 劑量; 每次每公斤 2.5mg (Acetazolamide劑量通常是一顆250mg)
20公斤重小孩每次 50mg
40公斤重小孩每次 100mg.
50公斤重以及以上的. 比照成人劑量.
成人每次 125mg. 每天兩次.
參考資料1: uptodate
Acetazolamide: Pediatric drug information
Prevention: Limited data available: Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Oral: Immediate release: 2.5 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours started either the day before (preferred) or on the day of ascent and may be discontinued after staying at the same elevation for 2 to 3 days or if descent initiated; maximum dose: 125 mg/dose (Ref). Note: The International Society for Mountain Medicine does not recommend prophylaxis in children except in the rare circumstance of unavoidable rapid ascent or in children with known previous susceptibility to acute mountain sickness (Ref). Higher doses are effective up to 500 mg, but are also associated with increased adverse effects and not recommended
兒童治療劑量一樣是加倍.
Table 3.5.2: Recommended medication dosing to prevent and treat altitude illness
