野外與登山醫學----09-Acute altitude illness WMS 2019 update AMS/HACE prevention Hypoxic tents 9

Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Altitude Illness: 2019 Update
統一名詞翻譯
AMS 急性高山病
HACE 高海拔腦水腫
acute altitude illness 急性高海拔疾病

文章太長. 把最下面結論貼上來
建議: 低氧帳經過長期規則恰當的暴露周數後, 如果睡眠品質不受影響, 可用於加速高度適應, 預防AMS,
Recommendation. Hypoxic tents can be used for facilitating acclimatization and preventing AMS, provided sufficiently long exposures can be undertaken regularly over an appropriate number of weeks and other factors, such as sleep quality, are not compromised.

Recommendation Grade: 2B

低氧帳 Hypoxic tents

在計畫去高海拔前, 目前有很多商品可以提供個人在低氧環境睡覺或運動, 目前僅有一個安慰劑對照實驗, 評估這種方法是否有效. 這項實驗顯示在模擬高海拔環境睡覺的人, 相較於正常氣壓,  AMS 發生率降低 . 但這個系統技術上的難關, 導致參加研究的人無法接收完整的低氧劑量. 雖然這項系統已經商業化, 廣泛使用於登山家及高海拔地區參賽的運動員, 但沒有任何資料證明能提高登頂的成功率, 或改善體能

Commercial products are available that allow individuals to sleep or exercise in hypoxic conditions for the purpose of facilitating acclimatization before a trip to high altitude. Only 1 placebo-controlled study has examined their utility.57 Although this study demonstrated a lower incidence of AMS in persons who slept in simulated high altitude conditions compared to normoxia, technical difficulties with the system resulted in a substantial number of study participants not receiving the intended hypoxic dose. Although the systems are marketed to be of benefit and anecdotal reports suggest they are widely used by climbers and other athletes competing at high altitude, there are no data indicating increased likelihood of summit success or improved physical performance.

就像上面提到的高度適應方式, 藉由這套系統能累積的效益, 需要長時間暴露於低氧 (每天8小時以上) 持續數周,  短期漸歇性暴露於低氧, 包括運動訓練, 可能無助益
As with the preacclimatization approaches previously described, any benefit that may accrue 積累 from these systems is more likely with long hypoxic exposures (>8 h per day) for at least several weeks before planned high altitude travel. Short and/or infrequent exposures, including exercise training, are likely of no benefit.

除了系統的費用及運轉時所需電力, 個人會面對睡眠不佳的風險, 經過長時間睡眠不佳. 在競賽的時候表現可能更差.
In addition to the cost of the systems and power needed to run them, individuals face the risk of poor sleep, which over a long period of time could have deleterious effects on performance during an expedition.

建議: 低氧帳經過長期規則恰當的暴露周數後, 如果睡眠品質不受影響, 可用於加速高度適應, 預防AMS,
Recommendation. Hypoxic tents can be used for facilitating acclimatization and preventing AMS, provided sufficiently long exposures can be undertaken regularly over an appropriate number of weeks and other factors, such as sleep quality, are not compromised.

Recommendation Grade: 2B