藥物不良反應 Statins pitavastatin

rate of adverse reactions/side effects
不良反應/副作用的機率
注意, 應該扣去安慰劑的比例
安慰劑造成肢體疼痛的機率比pitavastatin 2mg, 4mg 還高
對於pitavastatin 4 mg 而言, 背痛和肢體疼痛機率比安慰劑低, 便秘機率大於安慰劑, 肌肉痠痛機率高於安慰劑.

警示

WARNINGS & PRECAUTIONS
Myopathy and Rhabdomyolysis: Risk factors include age 65 and greater, renal impairment, inadequately treated hypothyroidism, concomitant use of certain drugs, and higher doses of ZYPITAMAG. ZYPITAMAG is contraindicated in patients taking cyclosporine and not recommended in patients taking gemfibrozil. The following drugs when used concomitantly with ZYPITAMAG may also increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis: lipid-modifying dosages of niacin (>1 g/day), fibrates, and colchicine. Discontinue ZYPITAMAG if markedly elevated CK levels occur or myopathy is diagnosed or suspected. Temporarily discontinue ZYPITAMAG in patients experiencing an acute or serious condition at high risk of developing renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis; e.g., sepsis; shock; severe hypovolemia; major surgery; trauma; severe metabolic, endocrine, or electrolyte disorders; or uncontrolled epilepsy. Inform patients of the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when starting or increasing the ZYPITAMAG dosage. Instruct patients to promptly report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness or weakness particularly if accompanied by malaise or fever.
Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM): There have been rare reports of IMNM, an autoimmune myopathy, associated with statin use. IMNM is characterized by: proximal muscle weakness and elevated serum creatine kinase, which persist despite discontinuation of statin treatment; muscle biopsy showing necrotizing myopathy without significant inflammation; and improvement with immunosuppressive agents.
Hepatic Dysfunction: Increases in serum transaminases can occur. Rare postmarketing reports of fatal and non-fatal hepatic failure have occurred. Consider liver enzyme testing before initiating therapy and as clinically indicated thereafter. If serious hepatic injury with clinical symptoms and/or hyperbilirubinemia or jaundice occurs, promptly discontinue ZYPITAMAG.
Increases in HbA1c and Fasting Serum Glucose Levels: Increases of each have been reported with statins, including ZYPITAMAG. Optimize lifestyle measures, including regular exercise, maintaining a healthy body weight, and making healthy food choices.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: The most frequent adverse reactions (rate ≥ 2%) are myalgia, back pain, diarrhea, constipation and pain in extremity. This is not a complete list of all reported adverse events.